Collateral Circulation

Collateral circulation.

BACKGROUND The collateral circulation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Current knowledge of the collateral circulation remains sparse, largely because of prior limitations in methods for evaluation of these diminutive routes of cerebral blood flow. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Anatomic descriptions of the collateral circulation often focus on more proximal anastomoses at...

Estimating Collateral Circulation

losses as well as nitroglycerin and digitalis glycosides were applied with favorable effect to cardiovascular risk patients during the perioperative period.1 3 Frequency of myocardial infarctions and of heart failure during the early postoperative period suggest that in coronary artery disease adrenergic overactivity induces myocardial necrosis and augments the surrounding or preceding "twiligh...

Collateral circulation and diabetes.

The article by Abaci et al 1 in this issue of Circulation draws our attention to a very important and novel observation that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a lesser ability to develop collateral blood vessels in the presence of coronary artery disease. This is somewhat surprising, because DM is known to stimulate angiogenesis, at least in the retina of the eye, and is, because of cap...

The myocardial collateral circulation.

The human coronary collateral circulation.

BACKGROUND Coronary collaterals are an alternative source of blood supply to myocardium jeopardized by ischaemia. Well-developed coronary collateral arteries in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) mitigate myocardial infarcts and improve survival. METHODS AND RESULTS Collateral arteries preventing myocardial ischaemia during brief vascular occlusion are present in 1/3 of patients with...